Roofing.



A. W. PHIPPEN.

ROOFING. VFILED 1A .PPLlCATlO 15, I914. 1,137 95 Patented May 4, 1915.

WITNESSES:

INVENTOR.

A TTORNEY.

. na a- 'nnrriua'w. rnirrnn, or mnrriunn, mnssa'cnusr'r'rs.

' 1 noorrne.

specification of Letters Patent.

it Patented May 4c, 1915.

' I Application filed January 15,1814. Serial No. 812,259.

To d ll-whom it may concern Beitknown .that I, ARTHUR W. 'PHIPPEN,

"a citizen of the United States, residing at Methuen, in the county ofEssex and State.

of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inRoofing, of

,1 whichthe-following is a specification.

.Myinventionv relates to roofs or buildings and other structures and todevices for covering such roofs. It may also be used for coveringrailroad cars, vans or in fact any structure whi'chhas a roof exposed tothe weather. It may also be used not onlyon new roofs but asa-protecting covering for old roofs which are already covered withshingles or other material which have be come so worn as .to permit ofleaks.

My invention is for use in connection with what is known as sheetroofing of any elastie kind such as rubberoid, tarpaper or any of theother well known varieties which are more or less plastic.

For good results all parts of my device should be plastic and inconnection with the sheet roofing, I prefer to use wooden cleats whichhave a tendency to swell in wet weather. I

My device is particularly useful to I bver old shingled roofs withoutremoving the shingles. In the drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation of aportion of one side of an ordinaryshingled pitch roof with my roofcovering in place over the shingles. Fig. 2 is a vertical end sectionalview of a roof similar to that shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an enlargedsectional view on the line X-Y of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a verticaLendsectional view of my roof covering applied directly to the boards. -Fig.5 is an enlarged sectional view on the line ST of Fig. 4.

A represents the roof boards of a wooden roof of well knownconstruction.

In Figs. 1, 2 and 3, 10, 11, 12, 13 are wooden shingles of variousoverlapping courses of well known construction. In theconstruction'shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, a'

plurality of strips of sheet roofing such as 20, 21, 22 are spreadvertically from the ridge to the eaves, the edges being covered andfastened by cleats 30, 31. These cleats- 30, 31 are given any, desired 7ornamental shape at the top 33 and may be of any desired shape on thesides 34: and 35. At the bottom 36, they are flat and from the bottom iscut a longitudinal groove 37 which tapers ing roof boards A upon W fromits opening at the bottom inward toward its top 38. 39 should be roundedand I prefer also to round the top 38 so that there will be no 60 Irough corners. I

I prefer to lay my roof covering startmg at one end of the side of theroof, where oneedge of a strip of sheet roofingis firmly attached bycleats, by nails, bybending over 5 the edge and tacking or in any othersuitable way according to the style of the roof. A second strip isnowbrought up lengthwise against the free side of the first strip andthe I j adjoining edges of both are placed together and bent upward asshown with 20 and 21 in Fig. 3. One of my cleats is now placed down overthese adjoining edges and is forced thereon by pressure or poundinguntilthey are crammed to ether into the tapering'slot and are pre erablyforced into the top thereof where the ends are crowded together and sodistorted that an absolutely weather tight joint is made. By means ofsuitable nails or preferably of the round 30 I wire variety, the cleatsare fastened into '-place on top ofthe shingles and the: roof boards A.v The edges of strips 20 and 21 should be bent up sufiiciently so thatthey will reach 35 the top of the slot 37, and the slot should be.

of such width that it will receive a double thickness of the saidroofing but tapers to a point where it is preferably slightly less in 7size than two thicknesses. By this construction the plastic or elasticroofing is wedged together inside the slotted cleats which are thenfirmly fastened in place and after the first and second strips are solaid, the other strips are similarly laid until the other end of theroof is reached. This end is treated I in a manner similar to the firstend mentioned. The roof now has a series of narrow vertical channelsdown which the water can travel, separated by weather tight joints 1 9.

which become tighter and tighter afterthe wood of the cleats swells. Aswill be seen,

old shingled roofs can be covered in thls way without removing theshingles and made weather tight 'while the shingles? themselves and theair spaces bGtWGQII IthB courses help to keep the interior of 'the housewarm.

In Figs. 4. and 5,1 show a roof comprisvertical strips of sheet roofing40 and 41.

The adjoining edges of these strips are bent 1;. r

The outeredges or lips hich are laidu ward and "placed together and'overthem is forced'za cleatsuch as 48 which at the bottom has a longitudinalslot 44 similar to the slot 37 except that as shown it tapers to alesser degree. The cleatinthis case is nailed inplace in a mannersimilar to that shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3'. In Figs. 4; and 5, I

the plastic sheet roofing is shown as having pebbles or similar materialembedded in the surface and is shown of a greater thickness than that inFigs, 1, 2 and 3.

-:Vl/"iththis construction, it is preferable to I. have the lips of thetapering slot rounded with a! sweep or a curve of greater radius thanwherethin stock is used so that the sheet will notbreak. It will also beobserved that the pebbles where they come in contact with the cleat areforced into the roofing sheet; It is essential that the longi tudinal.slots should taper from the outside or lips inward in order to get atight joint but this taper may not be very great.

In Fig. 3, the nails are shown as driven vertically through the; cleator molding While in Fig. 5, they are shownas driven in diagonally fromopposite sides. I

In laying' the roofing sheets, I prefer to crease the adjoiningedgeswith a special' 'With the tapering slots, the adjoining edges of theroof sheets at the top are'diS- torted andamalgamated, while the down-'nward pressure ,of the cleat bellies theade joining bentup faces of-thesheet roofing and 'cause them to lie flat together as shown in Figs. 3and 5. ,Lying thus flat against each other,.these' adjoining'facesmakea.

tight joint even if 'it' were not otherwise tight.

. My roof covering requires the use of but few nails, as the slottedcleats 'hold' the parts together, and it requires no nails passingthrough the fiat part of the sheet'roofing. With nails driven in asshown in Figs. v 3 and 5, there is" no danger of leaking through thenail holes. My joint'i'seasyto make'as it consists of one'p'art' only.

I claim:

- In a roof covering, the combination of roof boards, with a pluralityof vertical strips of plastic sheet roofing the adjoining edges of whichare bent upward, and wooden cleatswh-ich have at the bottom .longit'udinal tapering slots which are forced over the ad oining edges of thestrips of roofing so v as .to' distort and amalgamate them.

In testimony whereof I hereto aflix my signature'in presence of twowitnesses.

ARTHUR W. PHIPPEN.

W'itnesses HARRI R. LAWRENCE,

JAMEs A. LoWD.

